One-in-three men admit to knowing little about oesophageal cancer

Almost one-third of men in Ireland are unaware of oesophageal cancer, according to a recent survey commissioned by the Oesophageal Cancer Fund (OCF). Findings also show a significant misunderstanding around the disease, with 64 per cent of males surveyed unaware that acid reflux can increase the risk of oesophageal cancer. 

While women surveyed displayed a greater awareness, 10 per cent were still unfamiliar with oesophageal cancer. Overall, one-fifth of respondents across all demographics knew little about the disease and its symptoms which include:

• Difficulty swallowing and feeling that your food is sticking or catching after swallowing;
• Acid indigestion or heartburn that doesn’t go away;
• Food coming back up — either before reaching the stomach (regurgitation) or after (vomiting);
• Progressive, unexplained, and unplanned weight loss;
• Unexplained anaemia;
• Hoarseness that persists and isn’t due to a cold;
• Coughing, burping, belching, or hiccups that don’t subside.

The disease affects more men than women in Ireland by a ratio of eight to one and has a five-year survival rate of 25 per cent. Over 500 people are diagnosed with oesophageal cancer every year in Ireland, and around 70 per cent of patients experience possible symptoms for three months before contacting their doctor. Oesophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality globally, and it is associated with a range of burdens for patients, their families, and healthcare systems.

The survey of 1,000 adults was conducted across Ireland by Amárach Research in January 2025. In response, the OCF says it is determined to address this low level of awareness through its annual Lollipop Day campaign which takes place this year on 28 February and 1 March at over 80 locations nationwide. February is oesophageal cancer awareness month, and OCF is reminding the public of the importance of recognising the early symptoms.

Launching the 24^th annual Lollipop Day at the OCF’s patient support meeting in Dublin, Noelle Ryan, founder and board member of the OCF, said: “Every lollipop, every symptom card, and every mention helps us to fill the big awareness gap regarding this cancer, and we are calling on people to know the symptoms and to be proactive about their oesophageal and gut health. People, especially men, must stop ignoring ongoing chronic heartburn as ‘normal’ and stop putting up with it for too long before going to their GP.”

OCF’s patron and pro-golfer Padraig Harrington added: “Oesophageal cancer is something I know too well, as my father Paddy passed away from it, and I want people to know the symptoms. So, if you’re struggling to swallow food, have persistent heartburn, acid reflux or a persistent cough, unexplained weight loss, or pain, don’t ignore it. Talk to your GP. Catching this cancer early can make all the difference, and I am encouraging more people to get involved with OCF’s Lollipop Day to raise vital awareness and funds for oesophageal cancer. Early detection saves lives.”

The charity is also using Lollipop Day to urge the Irish pharmaceutical sector to promote early detection by carrying bigger and better warnings on antacid packaging and at point of sale. The OCF supported the first stage of the antacid bill which was presented in the Seanad in November 2024 by Senator Vincent Martin, whose family have also been impacted by this cancer.

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